Figure 4: The number of unit sales for all portable audio devices for the ten countries and for the EU,

adjusted according to the internet users in each country as estimated by EuroStat.

Source: SCENIHR,  Potential health risks of exposure to noise from personal music players and mobile phones including a music playing function (2008) , Sections 3.7.4., Page 46.

Personal Music Players & Hearing

Figure 1*: Normal equal-loudness-level contours for pure tones under free-field listening conditions

Figure 2: The prevalence of hearing impairment

Figure 3: Estimated units sales in EU of all portable audio devices and MP3 devices over the period 2004–2007,

Figure 4: The number of unit sales for all portable audio devices for the ten countries and for the EU,

Figure 5: Number of unit sales (in thousands) for CD and MP3 devices in ten European countries* between 2001 and 2007

Figure 6: Cumulative numbers of MP3 players and all portable audio equipment in the EU

Figure 7: Percentage of each portable audio device sold in 2004-2007

Figure 8: Percentage of each portable audio device sold in 2007 and the estimated number of units sold in EU

Table 1: Examples of sound pressure levels in relation to hearing threshold and pain threshold (in dB SPL)The range of human ear’s audible sounds goes from 0 dB SPL (hearing threshold) to 120-140 dB SPL (pain threshold)

Table 2: Audiometric hearing thresholds of normal ears: conversion of dB SPL into dB HL (Extracted from ISO, 2003) Pure-tone audiometric thresholds are expressed in dB HL (hearing level). The differences between dB HL and dB SPL, arise from isophonic curves.

Table 3: The examples of equivalent time-intensity levels referred to the action levels according to the Directive 2003/10/EC

Table 4: World Health Organisation Grades of Hearing Impairement (WHO, 2008)

Low and high-pitched sounds appear less loud to the human ear

EU Action levels for noise protection at work

Table 5: Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) predicted from ISO 1999 as a function of noise exposure level for 45 years (adapted from Lutman et al. 2008) Extent of hearing loss to be expected from a working lifetime of 45 years at daily continuous noise levels of 80, 85, 90 and 95 dB(A).

Table 6 : Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) predicted from ISO 1999 as a function of noise exposure level for 3 years (adapted from Lutman et al. 2008) Extent of hearing loss to be expected from a shorter exposure duration of 3 years at daily continuous noise levels of 80, 85, 90 and 95 dB(A).