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Table 8 Bacterial mechanisms of resistance to biocides

1 to other biocides - level of susceptibility defined according to the concentration of biocides
2 not to other biocide, but cross-resistance with specific antibiotics
Mechanisms Nature Level of susceptibility to other biocides 1 Cross-resistance
Permeability intrinsic (acquired) no yes
Efflux intrinsic/acquired reduced yes
Degradation acquired/intrinsic reduced no
Mutation (target site) acquired reduced no2
Phenotypic change Following exposure reduced yes
Induction (stress response) Following exposure variable yes

Source: SCENIHR,  Assessment of the Antibiotic Resistance Effects of Biocides (2009), ,
Section 3.4.3.Mechanisms of resistance to biocides, p. 33

Related publication:
Biocides homeEffects of Biocides on antibiotic resistance
Other Figures & Tables on this publication:

List of active molecules in biocidal products classified on the basis of chemical groups.

Table 2 List of active substances in biocidal products and their mode of action

Table 3 Biocides approved by US-FDA for health care settings, or registered by the US-EPA

Table 4 Commonly used skin disinfectants and antiseptics

Table 5 Major biocides used in veterinary medicine and animal husbandry

Table 6 Components of (udder) teat dips used (or having been used) in dairy animals

Table 7 Methodologies to measure bacterial resistance

Table 8 Bacterial mechanisms of resistance to biocides

Table 9 Bacteria isolated from contaminated cosmetic products and their resistance to biocides (Flores et al. 1997)

Table 10 Mechanisms of action of antibiotics

Table 11 Major resistance mechanisms (Davin-Regli et al. 2008)

Table: 23 Biocidal products listed in Annex V of the Biocides Directive (98/8/EC)