Level 3 - Source on Electromagnetic Fields

• 1. Introduction to electromagnetic fields
  • 1.1 What are electromagnetic fields?
  • 1.2 How have the health risks of electromagnetic fields been reassessed?
  • 1.3 What was the aim and outcome of the public consultation organised on the 2014 preliminary draft of Opinion on EMF?
• 2. What are the sources of exposure to radio frequency fields?
  • 2.1 How RF EMFs interact with the body?
  • 2.2 How high is the exposure from mobile phones and wireless devices?
  • 2.3 What is the level of exposure from mobile phone base stations and radio towers?
  • 2.4 How are radio frequency (RF) fields used in medicine?
• 3. Can mobile phones cause cancer?
  • 3.1 Can mobile phone use increase the risk of brain tumours?
  • 3.2 Have experimental studies revealed an increased cancer risk?
  • 3.3 Have studies on cell cultures revealed genetic effects?
• 4. Can mobile phones or base stations trigger headaches or other health effects?
  • 4.1 Have headaches and other symptoms been linked to mobile phones?
  • 4.2 Can mobile phones affect the brain?
  • 4.3 Have effects from RF fields of mobile phones on reproduction and development been reported?
  • 4.4 Are children more vulnerable to possible effects of mobile phones?
• 5. Conclusions on mobile phones and radio frequency fields
• 6. Intermediate frequency (IF) fields like those from induction ovens
  • 6.1 What are the sources of intermediate frequency fields (IF fields)?
  • 6.2 What possible health effects of intermediate frequency fields have been studied?
• 7. Extremely low frequency fields (ELF) like those from power lines and household appliances
  • 7.1 What are the sources of ELF fields?
  • 7.2 What is the level of exposure to ELF fields?
  • 7.3 Can ELF fields increase the risk of childhood leukaemia and other cancers?
  • 7.4 Can exposure to ELF cause headaches or other health effects?
  • 7.5 Can ELF magnetic fields have effects on human reproduction?
  • 7.6 What can be concluded about ELF fields?
• 8. Static magnetic fields like those from battery devices and high voltage overhead DC power lines
  • 8.1 What are the sources of static magnetic fields?
  • 8.2 What possible health effects of static magnetic fields have been studied?
• 9. Are there health effects from combined exposures to different EMFs or co-exposure with other agents?
• 10. Conclusions on health effects of electromagnetic fields
  • 10.1 Conclusions on Radio Frequency (RF) fields
  • 10.2 Conclusions on Intermediate Frequency (IF) fields
  • 10.3 Conclusions on Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) fields
  • 10.4 Conclusions on static magnetic fields
  • 10.5 Conclusions on combined exposure of EMFs and co-exposure to environmental stressor
  • 10.6 Research recommendations